{"id":15165,"date":"2016-11-07T11:29:35","date_gmt":"2016-11-07T09:29:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/?p=15165"},"modified":"2016-11-07T08:30:18","modified_gmt":"2016-11-07T06:30:18","slug":"cinci-minute-fara-oxigen-provoaca-efecte-ireversibile-ce-puteti-face-pana-ajung-medicii-in-cazul-unui-stop-respirator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/?p=15165","title":{"rendered":"Cinci minute f\u0103r\u0103 oxigen provoac\u0103 efecte ireversibile. Ce pute\u0163i face, p\u00e2n\u0103 ajung medicii, \u00een cazul unui stop respirator"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Unele celulele ale creierului \u00eencep s\u0103 moar\u0103 \u00een mai pu\u0163in de 5 minute dupa ce alimentarea lor cu oxigen dispare. Efectuarea corect\u0103 \u015fi rapid\u0103 a ventila\u0163iei artificiale poate \u00eensemna diferen\u0163a dintre via\u0163\u0103 \u015fi moarte p\u00e2n\u0103 la sosirea ajutorului medical specializat.<br \/>\n<strong>Respira\u0163ia gur\u0103-la-gura<\/strong> este o tehnic\u0103 utili\u00adzat\u0103 \u00een situa\u0163iile de extrem\u0103 urgen\u0163\u0103 (prim ajutor), care permite suplinirea par\u0163ial\u0103 sau total\u0103 temporar\u0103 sau prelungit\u0103 a unei ventila\u0163ii defectuoase. Baloanele autoexpansive sunt utilizate pentru o ventila\u0163ie de scurt\u0103 durat\u0103 (transportul \u00een ambulan\u0163\u0103). Respira\u0163ia gur\u0103-la-gur\u0103 este folosit\u0103 dac\u0103 victima devine incon\u015ftient\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/adevarul.ro\/assets\/adevarul.ro\/MRImage\/2016\/11\/06\/581f284c5ab6550cb841ca5b\/646x404.jpg?resize=365%2C228\" alt=\"Cinci minute f\u0103r\u0103 oxigen provoac\u0103 efecte ireversibile. Ce pute\u0163i face, p\u00e2n\u0103 ajung medicii, \u00een cazul unui stop respirator\" width=\"365\" height=\"228\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Primul lucru\u00a0care trebuie f\u0103cut este <strong>\u00eentinderea acesteia pe o suprafa\u0163\u0103 plan\u0103 (podea), culcat\u0103 pe spate<\/strong>. <strong>Se apeleaz\u0103 112<\/strong> \u015fi abia apoi se face o evaluare a situa\u0163iei victimei timp de \u00a0minimum 10 secunde. Astfel, elementele care indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 pacientul se afla \u00een stop respirator sunt:<\/p>\n<p>1. Nu se observ\u0103 distensia cutiei toracice<\/p>\n<p>2. Nu se aude zgomotul produs de trecerea curentului de aer prin c\u0103ile respiratorii<\/p>\n<p>3 Nu se simte suflul produs de respira\u0163ie, plus cianoza (colora\u0163ie albastr\u0103-vine\u0163ie a pielii \u015fi a mucoaselor din cauza unei insuficiente oxigen\u0103ri a s\u00e2ngelui-nr) tegumentelor, mai ales \u00een jurul buzelor.<\/p>\n<p><strong> Tehnica ventila\u0163iei artificiale <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00cengenunchia\u0163i l\u00e2ng\u0103 victim\u0103. Cu capul victimei \u00een hiperextensie, mentine\u0163i gura acesteia u\u015for \u00eentredeschis\u0103 cu o m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een timp ce cu cealalt\u0103 \u00eei sustine\u0163i fruntea \u015fi \u00eei pensa\u0163i nasul. Inspira\u0163i profund aer, a\u015feza\u0163i etan\u015f gura pe gura victimei \u015fi expira\u0163i timp de 2-3 secunde. \u00cen acela\u015fi timp verifica\u0163i dac\u0103 toracele se ridic\u0103 \u00een timp ce insufla\u0163i aer.<\/p>\n<p>Fiecare insufla\u0163ie trebuie s\u0103 fie suficient de puternic\u0103 pentru ca toracele victimei s\u0103 se ridice. \u0162ine\u0163i apoi capul \u00een hiperextensie cu b\u0103rbia victimei u\u015for ridicat\u0103 \u015fi l\u0103sa\u0163i toracele s\u0103-\u015fi revin\u0103.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Compresiuni toracice externe <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u015feza\u0163i victima pe un plan dur \u015fi localiza\u0163i punctul de compresiune situat \u00een centrul toracelui, \u00een jum\u0103tatea inferioar\u0103 a sternului. \u00a0Degetul inelar merge de-a lungul rebordului costal pana la apendicele xifoid, locul de intalnire a coastelor. La acest nivel, langa acest deget se aseaza alte doua degete, respectiv degetul mijlociu \u015fi cel ar\u0103t\u0103tor. Dupa aceasta, a\u015fez\u0103m podul palmei celeilalte m\u00e2ini, tangent la cele doua degete plasate pe piept. Aceasta este locul in care trebuie facute compresiunile toracice. A\u015feza\u0163i cealalt\u0103 m\u00e2n\u0103 peste m\u00e2na situat\u0103 pe stern, f\u0103r\u0103 ca degetele s\u0103 se sprijine pe torace. Cu coatele \u00eentinse \u015fi bra\u0163ele sprijinite perpendicular pe stern, \u00eencepe\u0163i compresiunile astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 \u00eenfunda\u0163i sternul cu 4-5 cm. Compresiile \u015fi decompresiile trebuie s\u0103 fie egale ca interval de timp. Frecven\u0163a compresiunilor externe trebuie s\u0103 fie de 80-100 de compresiuni pe minut. Pentru a efectua manevra corect \u015fi a economisi energie, \u00eengenunchiati aproape de pacient \u015fi aplecati-v\u0103 inainte, cu m\u00e2inile deasupra pacientului, tineti spatele drept \u015fi coatele intinse, astfel \u00eencat la aplicarea for\u0163ei s\u0103 folositi \u015fi greutatea corpului, nu numai musculatura bra\u0163elor. Resuscitarea cardio pulmonar\u0103 continu\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la apari\u0163ia respira\u0163iei sau p\u00e2n\u0103 la venirea echipajului medical.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/lectiadeprimajutor.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/02-Cazuta-C1.jpg?resize=298%2C298\" width=\"298\" height=\"298\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ventila\u0163ii artificiale<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dup\u0103 30 de compresiuni se efectueaz\u0103 dou\u0103 ventila\u0163ii artificiale.<\/p>\n<p>ATEN\u0162IE!\u00a0Dac\u0103 dintr-un motiv sau altul, nu pute\u0163i efectua ventila\u0163iile artificiale, este vital s\u0103 efectua\u0163i m\u0103car compresiunile toracice<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/lectiadeprimajutor.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/05\/02-Cazuta-C2.jpg?resize=246%2C246\" width=\"246\" height=\"246\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Tehnica HELP ME H \u2013 hiperextensia capului, pentru acces u\u015for la c\u0103ile aeriene.<\/p>\n<p>E \u2013 eliberarea c\u0103ilor respiratorii de eventualele corpuri str\u0103ine care se pot afla \u00een gura victimei<\/p>\n<p>L \u2013 luxarea mandibulei. Se deschide mandibula,\u00a0c\u00e2t de tare ne permite, astfel, se elimin\u0103 \u015fi riscul ca limba accidentatului s\u0103 acopere c\u0103ile respiratorii (\u201es\u0103 \u00eenghit\u0103 limba\u201d). Ap\u0103s\u0103m pe unghiurile exterioare ale mandibulei cu ultimele patru degete de la ambele maini, iar policele pe barbie; se proiecteaza mandibula \u00eenainte, \u00een asa fel incat arcada dentara inferioara sa o depaseasca pe cea superioara. La sugari \u015fi la copiii mici hiperextensia capului nu dezobstrueaza glota, dimpotriva, poate agrava obstructia; in aceste cazuri se va sustine numai mandibula sau se va luxa anterior, fara hiperextensia capului.<\/p>\n<p>P \u2013 pensarea nasului (prinderea nasului \u00eentre degete) \u015fi \u00eenceperea ventila\u0163iilor.<\/p>\n<p>ME \u2013 masaj cardiac extern, prin compresia toracelui.<\/p>\n<p>Sursa:adev\u0103rul.ro<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Unele celulele ale creierului \u00eencep s\u0103 moar\u0103 \u00een mai pu\u0163in de 5 minute dupa ce alimentarea lor cu oxigen dispare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15165","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/realitatearutiera.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/prim-ajutor.jpg?fit=%2C&ssl=1","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p61naM-3WB","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15165","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15165"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15165\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15170,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15165\/revisions\/15170"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15165"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15165"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15165"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}