{"id":61999,"date":"2020-04-03T10:47:59","date_gmt":"2020-04-03T07:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/?p=61999"},"modified":"2020-04-03T10:48:02","modified_gmt":"2020-04-03T07:48:02","slug":"video-cat-de-departe-pot-calatori-microbii-stranutul-analizat-cu-o-camera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/?p=61999","title":{"rendered":"VIDEO. C\u00e2t de departe pot \u201ec\u0103l\u0103tori\u201d microbii? Str\u0103nutul, analizat cu o camer\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Cercet\u0103torii de la MIT din Cambridge au analizat str\u0103nutul cu o camer\u0103 care filmeaz\u0103 2.000 de cadre pe secund\u0103. Str\u0103nutul, tusea \u015fi expira\u0163ia produc nori de aer care con\u0163in pic\u0103turi de diferite dimensiuni. Norul le permite pic\u0103turilor \u015fi \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103turii lor de microbi s\u0103 parcurg\u0103 chiar \u015fi p\u00e2n\u0103 la 7-8 m, potrivit cercet\u0103rilor recente. Este mult mai mult dec\u00e2t se credea p\u00e2n\u0103 acum. Asta, \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care OMS \u015fi autorit\u0103\u0163ile sanitare recomand\u0103 p\u0103strarea distan\u0163ei de 1-2 m.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cercet\u0103torii de la Massachusetts Institute of Technology din Cambridge, SUA, au studiat dinamica aerului exalat de oameni, inclusiv a str\u0103nutului \u015fi a tusei. Observa\u0163iile lor pot avea implica\u0163ii mari asupra m\u0103surilor de preven\u0163ie \u00een timpul actualei pandemii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ei au descoperit c\u0103 \u00een timpul exal\u0103rii, emitem un nor gazos plin de pic\u0103turi care poate parcurge o distan\u0163\u0103 mult mai mare dec\u00e2t se credea p\u00e2n\u0103 acum: p\u00e2n\u0103 la 8 metri. Este mult peste distan\u0163a de siguran\u0163\u0103 recomandat\u0103 de autorit\u0103\u0163ile sanitare \u015fi de Organiza\u0163ia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eVitezele maxime de exalare pot atinge p\u00e2n\u0103 la 10-30 metri pe secund\u0103, cre\u00e2nd un nor care poate parcurge \u00eentre 7 \u015fi 8 metri. (&#8230;) \u00cen prezent, m\u0103\u0219tile chirurgicale \u0219i N95 nu sunt testate pentru aceste caracteristici poten\u021biale ale emisiilor respiratorii\u201d &#8211; au ar\u0103tat cercet\u0103torii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe class='youtube-player' width='800' height='450' src='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/piCWFgwysu0?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;autohide=2&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;wmode=transparent' allowfullscreen='true' style='border:0;'><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"highlight-1285666-1\">E nevoie de revizuirea urgent\u0103 a recomand\u0103rilor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Autoarea&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2763852?fbclid=IwAR2dkAZOumaWng7LsN18pR26DebuVD6wAhvcp4XPoJTvbtkNcgcD2XI9pdg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">studiului<\/a>, prof. Lydia Bourouiba, spune c\u0103 este necesar\u0103 revizuirea de urgen\u0163\u0103 a recomand\u0103rilor, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd pentru personalul medical aflat \u00een prima linie \u00een lupta cu COVID-19.<br><br>\u201ePotrivit celor mai recente recomand\u0103ri ale Organiza\u021biei Mondiale a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii \u00een privin\u021ba COVID-19, personalul medical este sf\u0103tuit s\u0103 men\u021bin\u0103 o distan\u021b\u0103 de 1 metru fa\u0163\u0103 de o persoan\u0103 care prezint\u0103 simptome ale bolii, cum ar fi tuse \u0219i str\u0103nut. Centrul pentru Controlul \u0219i Prevenirea Bolilor ( din SUA, n. red. ) recomand\u0103 o distan\u021b\u0103 de 2 metri. \u00cens\u0103 aceste distan\u021be se bazeaz\u0103 pe estim\u0103ri care<strong>&nbsp;nu au luat \u00een considerare posibila prezen\u0163\u0103 a unui nor emis cu putere care transport\u0103 pic\u0103turile pe distan\u0163e mari.<\/strong>&nbsp;Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere modelul dinamic al norului turbulent, recomand\u0103rile pentru p\u0103strarea unei distan\u0163e de 1-2 m pot subestima distan\u021ba, intervalul de timp \u0219i persisten\u021ba norului \u0219i a \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103turii sale patogene gener\u00e2nd astfel un poten\u021bial de expunere poten\u021bial subevaluat pentru personalul medical. Din aceste motive \u0219i din altele, purtarea echipamentelor de protec\u021bie personal\u0103 adecvate este de o importan\u021b\u0103 vital\u0103 pentru personalul care \u00eengrije\u015fte pacien\u021bi poten\u0163ial infecta\u021bi, chiar dac\u0103 se afl\u0103 la o distan\u021b\u0103 mai mare de 2 metri de un pacient\u201d &#8211; spune prof. Lydia Bourouiba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"highlight-1285666-2\">Cele mai periculoase pic\u0103turi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u0103m\u00e2ne deschis\u0103 \u00eentrebarea p\u00e2n\u0103 la ce distan\u0163\u0103 sunt periculoase particulele din str\u0103nut, dat fiind c\u0103 cel mai departe ajung doar cele mai mici dintre ele, deci cu o \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tur\u0103 viral\u0103 mai mic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201ePentru mine \u00eentrebarea care se pune nu este ce distan\u0163\u0103 pot parcurge microbii, ci de la ce distan\u0163\u0103 ei nu mai sunt o amenin\u0163are. Cu c\u00e2t sunt mai mici particulele infec\u0163ioase, cu at\u00e2t este mai mic riscul de a infecta pe cineva care le-ar putea inhala sau \u00een nasul \u015fi gura c\u0103ruia ar putea ajunge\u201d &#8211; a explicat<a href=\"https:\/\/eu.usatoday.com\/story\/news\/health\/2020\/03\/30\/coronavirus-social-distancing-mit-researcher-lydia-bourouiba-27-feet\/5091526002\/\">&nbsp;Paul Pottinger<\/a>, profesor de boli infec\u0163ioase la Universitatea din Washington, pentru<em>&nbsp;USA Today.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eCea mai mare amenin\u0163are, dup\u0103 p\u0103rerea noastr\u0103, \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte infectarea cu coronavirus sunt<strong>&nbsp;pic\u0103turile mari<\/strong>, din saliv\u0103 \u015fi mucus nazal. M\u0103 refer la pic\u0103turi de m\u0103rimea pic\u0103turilor de ploaie, pe care le expulzeaz\u0103 cineva c\u00e2nd<strong>&nbsp;str\u0103nut\u0103, \u00ee\u0219i sufl\u0103 nasul sau scuip\u0103<\/strong>, de pild\u0103. Sunt suficient de mari pentru ca asupra lor s\u0103 ac\u0163ioneze gravita\u0163ia. De obicei, aceste pic\u0103turi sunt cele mai periculoase \u0219i cad p\u00e2n\u0103 s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la doi metri, de aici \u0219i regula celor 2 metri pentru distan\u021bare social\u0103\u201d, a explicat profesorul Pottinger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"highlight-1285666-3\">Toat\u0103 lumea ar trebui s\u0103 poarte m\u0103\u0219ti? C\u00e2t de mult protejeaz\u0103 cele f\u0103cute acas\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen Statele Unite, Centrul pentru Controlul \u0219i Prevenirea Bolilor (CDC) reanalizeaz\u0103 recomand\u0103rile pentru public, dac\u0103 este necesar s\u0103 \u00eencurajeze&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.digi24.ro\/stiri\/externe\/controversa-mastilor-de-protectie-tot-mai-multe-voci-incep-sa-recomande-purtarea-lor-inclusiv-a-celor-facute-acasa-1284696\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">purtarea m\u0103\u0219tilor de c\u0103tre toat\u0103 popula\u0163ia<\/a>, nu doar de c\u0103tre medici. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exper\u0163ii avertizeaz\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103 m\u0103\u015ftile de tip N95 trebuie rezervate personalului medical care intr\u0103 \u00een contact cu pacien\u0163ii infecta\u0163i cu COVID-19 \u015fi care sunt expu\u015fi zilnic unui risc mai mare dec\u00e2t oricine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unele studii au ar\u0103tat c\u0103 anumite materiale din care&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.digi24.ro\/stiri\/externe\/mapamond\/video-cum-iti-poti-confectiona-singur-masti-pentru-a-te-proteja-de-coronavirus-1274309\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pot fi confec\u0163ionate m\u0103\u015fti acas\u0103<\/a>&nbsp;pot ajuta la oprirea par\u0163ial\u0103 a pic\u0103turilor. \u201eM\u0103\u015ftile f\u0103cute \u00een cas\u0103, fularele, e\u015farfele sau orice altceva ave\u0163i acas\u0103 ar putea fi o idee bun\u0103\u201d, spune William Schaffner, expert \u00een boli infec\u0163ioase la Universitatea Vanderbilt, citat de<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2020\/03\/31\/824560471\/should-we-all-be-wearing-masks-in-public-health-experts-revisit-the-question%C2%A0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;NPR<\/a>. \u201eNu este clar dac\u0103 \u00ee\u0163i ofer\u0103 un grad ridicat de protec\u0163ie, dar oric\u00e2t de pu\u0163in\u0103 ar putea fi de ajutor\u201d, spune el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0103\u015ftile f\u0103cute \u00een cas\u0103 nu vor fi, \u00eens\u0103, eficiente dac\u0103 nu sunt confec\u0163ionate \u015fi manipulate cum trebuie, este de p\u0103rere fostul \u015fef al Agen\u0163iei americane pentru Alimente \u015fi Medicamente (FDA), Scott Gottlieb. Acesta crede c\u0103 CDC trebuie s\u0103 le ofere oamenilor instruc\u0163iuni despre cum \u00ee\u015fi pot confec\u0163iona singuri m\u0103\u015fti de bumbac. \u201eM\u0103\u015ftile de bumbac, confec\u0163ionate corect, ar trebui s\u0103 asigure un grad rezonabil de protec\u0163ie fa\u0163\u0103 de oamenii care ar putea fi contagio\u015fi\u201d, spune el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nu exist\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 niciun studiu \u015ftiin\u0163ific care s\u0103 confirme f\u0103r\u0103 drept de apel faptul c\u0103 purtarea m\u0103\u015ftilor de c\u0103tre publicul larg protejeaz\u0103 de bolile contagioase. Dar acela\u015fi lucru se poate spune \u015fi despre igiena m\u00e2inilor, pentru care studiile clinice randomizate nu au ar\u0103tat efecte semnificative, arat\u0103 Elaine Shuo Feng, cercet\u0103tor \u00een boli infec\u0163ioase la Universitatea Oxford. \u201eCu toate acestea credem c\u0103 igiena poate fi o modalitate bun\u0103 de a ucide agen\u021bii patogeni, iar OMS recomand\u0103 \u00een continuare igiena m\u00e2inilor\u201d, spune cercet\u0103toarea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Saskia Popescu, cercet\u0103tor \u00een domeniul bolilor infec\u021bioase \u0219i consultant pe probleme de bio-ap\u0103rare, este sceptic\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te necesitatea ca oamenii s\u0103n\u0103to\u0219i s\u0103 poarte m\u0103\u0219ti de c\u00e2te ori sunt \u00een public. Ar trebui urmate recomand\u0103rile autorit\u0103\u021bilor, spune ea, citat\u0103 de NPR. Cercet\u0103toarea subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 dac\u0103 por\u021bi o masc\u0103, trebuie s\u0103 o faci \u00een mod corect. Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 s\u0103 o arunci atunci c\u00e2nd se umeze\u0219te, de pild\u0103. Nu trebuie s\u0103 o atingi \u00een partea din fa\u021b\u0103 \u0219i nici s\u0103 o ridici ca s\u0103 te scarpini la nas sau gur\u0103. Altfel, avertizeaz\u0103 Saskia Popescu, purtatul m\u0103\u0219tii \u00ee\u021bi poate da doar un fals sentiment de siguran\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sursa: digi24.ro<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cercet\u0103torii de la MIT din Cambridge au analizat str\u0103nutul cu o camer\u0103 care filmeaz\u0103 2.000 de cadre pe secund\u0103. Str\u0103nutul,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":62000,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-stiri-interne"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/realitatearutiera.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/stranut_52524800.jpg?fit=728%2C408&ssl=1","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p61naM-g7Z","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=61999"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62001,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61999\/revisions\/62001"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/62000"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=61999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=61999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=61999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}