{"id":67634,"date":"2020-08-18T11:36:51","date_gmt":"2020-08-18T08:36:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/?p=67634"},"modified":"2020-08-18T11:36:54","modified_gmt":"2020-08-18T08:36:54","slug":"imparatul-franz-joseph-ultimul-mare-principe-al-transilvaniei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/?p=67634","title":{"rendered":"\u00cemp\u0103ratul Franz Joseph, ultimul mare principe al Transilvaniei"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La 18 august 1830 s-a n\u0103scut viitorul \u00eemp\u0103rat al Austriei Franz Joseph (d.1916)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.descopera.ro\/istorie\/14706660-sissi-frumoasa-imparateasa-care-a-scandalizat-curtea-de-la-viena\" target=\"_blank\">Franz Joseph al Austriei<\/a>\u00a0(\u00een rom\u00e2n\u0103 Francisc Iosif I, \u00een german\u0103 Franz Josef I, \u00een maghiar\u0103 Ferenc J\u00f3zsef I, \u00een ceh\u0103 Franti\u0161ek Josef I, \u00een croat\u0103 Franjo Josip I, \u00een italian\u0103 Francesco Giuseppe I), (n. 18 august 1830, Viena \u2013 d. 21 noiembrie 1916, Viena) a fost un \u00eemp\u0103rat al Austriei din Casa de Habsburg, rege al Ungariei \u015fi Boemiei, rege al Croa\u0163iei, mare duce al Bucovinei, mare principe de Transilvania, marchiz de Moravia, mare voievod al Voievodatului Serbia etc. din 1848 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1916.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Domnia sa de 68 de ani a fost a treia ca lungime dintre domniile din Europa, dup\u0103 cea a regelui Ludovic al XIV-lea al Fran\u0163ei \u015fi a principelui Johann al II-lea al Liechtensteinului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La \u00eenceputul domniei sale, Franz Joseph a fost consiliat de noul prim-ministru, Felix Schwarzenberg, care l-a \u00eendrumat spre rec\u00e2\u015ftigarea puterii monarhice absolutiste \u015fi spre ob\u0163inerea unei pozi\u0163ii de for\u0163\u0103 \u00een politica extern\u0103. Campanii militare au fost necesare \u00eempotriva maghiarilor, care s-au r\u0103zvr\u0103tit \u00eempotriva autorit\u0103\u0163ii centrale Habsburg \u00een numele libert\u0103\u0163ile lor antice. Franz Josef a abolit constitu\u0163ia din 1849 \u015fi \u015fi-a m\u0103rit atribu\u0163iile guvernamentale \u00een 1852.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dup\u0103 1850, Franz Joseph a trebuit s\u0103 accepte e\u015fecurile politicii externe austriece: R\u0103zboiul Crimeii \u015fi ruptura de Rusia precum \u015fi r\u0103zboiul cu Sardinia din 1859, \u00eempotriva Casei de Savoia \u015fi a lui Napoleon al III-lea, c\u00e2nd a fost \u00eenvins \u00een vestita b\u0103t\u0103lie de la Solferino.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regresul a continuat cu \u00eenfr\u00e2ngerea din r\u0103zboiul austro-prusac din 1866, care a dus la constituirea statului dualist austro-ungar \u00een 1867.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Franz Joseph a ini\u0163iat<a href=\"https:\/\/www.descopera.ro\/cultura\/14996299-copilul-miraculos-care-a-devenit-unul-dintre-marile-genii-ale-omenirii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;modernizarea Vienei<\/a>&nbsp;prin demolarea fortifica\u0163iilor vechii cet\u0103\u0163i \u015fi construirea celebrului bulevard Ringstrasse pe terenul eliberat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00centre 1848 \u015fi 1867 Franz Joseph a fost ultima persoan\u0103 care a ocupat func\u0163ia de mare principe al Transilvaniei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen data de 27 septembrie 1896 a inaugurat la Or\u015fova (pe atunci \u00een Austro-Ungaria), \u00eempreun\u0103 cu regii Carol I al Rom\u00e2niei \u015fi Alexandru I al Serbiei, canalul navigabil de la Por\u0163ile de Fier. \u00cen aceea\u015fi zi a \u00eenceput o vizit\u0103 oficial\u0103 de trei zile \u00een Regatul Rom\u00e2niei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La 24 aprilie 1854, la Viena, s-a c\u0103s\u0103torit cu p<a href=\"https:\/\/www.descopera.ro\/dnews\/12568063-o-palarie-de-vanatoare-purtata-de-imparateasa-sisi-vanduta-la-licitatie-cu-134500-euro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rin\u0163esa bavarez\u0103 Elisabeta de Wittelsbach (Sisi<\/a>), veri\u015foara sa, care avea doar 16 ani. Sisi este foarte popular\u0103 \u00een toat\u0103 Europa p\u00een\u0103 \u00een ziua de azi. C\u0103snicia lor n-a fost una fericit\u0103. Sisi nu s-a adaptat niciodat\u0103 rigorii vie\u0163ii de la curte \u015fi \u00eentotdeauna a avut ne\u00een\u0163elegeri cu familia regal\u0103. \u00cemp\u0103r\u0103teasa era o c\u0103l\u0103toare pasionat\u0103 \u015fi rareori era v\u0103zut\u0103 la Viena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen 1885 Franz Joseph a \u00eent\u00e2lnit-o pe Katharina Schratt, actri\u0163\u0103 care i-a devenit metres\u0103. Rela\u0163ia lor a durat p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul vie\u0163ii sale \u015fi a fost tolerat\u0103 de Sisi. Franz Joseph a construit vila Schratt \u00een Bad Ischl pentru ea, \u015fi de asemenea, i-a d\u0103ruit un mic palat \u00een Viena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sursa: descopera.ro<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La 18 august 1830 s-a n\u0103scut viitorul \u00eemp\u0103rat al Austriei Franz Joseph (d.1916) Franz Joseph al Austriei\u00a0(\u00een rom\u00e2n\u0103 Francisc Iosif<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":67635,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-67634","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i1.wp.com\/realitatearutiera.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/unnamed.png?fit=280%2C190&ssl=1","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p61naM-hAS","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67634","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=67634"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67634\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":67636,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67634\/revisions\/67636"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/67635"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=67634"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=67634"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/realitatearutiera.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=67634"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}